Review: ‘Cindy Sherman’ at Metro Pictures Gallery, New York

Exhibition dates: 15th November – 23rd December, 2008

 

Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled #466' 2008 from the exhibition Review: 'Cindy Sherman' at Metro Pictures Gallery, New York, Nov - Dec, 2008

 

Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
Untitled #466
2008
Chromogenic print
254.3  x 174.6cm

 

 

The artist Cindy Sherman is a multifaceted evocation of human identity standing in glorious and subversive Technicolor before the blank canvas of her imagination. Poststructuralist in her physical appearance (there being no one Cindy Sherman, perhaps no Sherman at all) and post-photographic in her placement in constructed environments, Sherman challenges the ritualised notions of the performative act – and destabilises perceived notions of self, status, image and place.

The viewer is left with a sense of displacement when looking at these tableaux. The absence / presence of the artist leads the viewer to the binary opposite of rational / emotional – knowing these personae and places are constructions, distortions of a perceived reality yet emotionally attached to every wrinkle, every fold of the body at once repulsive yet seductive.

They are masterworks in the manner of Rembrandt’s self portraits – deeply personal images that he painted over many years that examined the many identities of his psyche – yet somehow different. Sherman investigates the same territories of the mind and body but with no true author, no authoritative meaning and no one subject at their beating heart. Her goal is subversive.

As Roy Boyne has observed, “The movement from the self as arcanum to the citational self, has, effectively, been welcomed, particularly in the work of Judith Butler, but also in the archetypal sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. There is a powerful logic behind this approbation. When self-identity is no longer seen as, even minimally, a fixed essence, this does not mean that the forces of identity formation can therefore be easily resisted, but it does mean that the necessity for incessant repetition of identity formation by the forces of a disciplinary society creates major opportunities for subversion and appropriation. In the repeated semi-permanences of the citational self, there is more than a little scope for counter-performances marked, for example, by irony and contempt.”1

Counter performances are what Sherman achieves magnificently. She challenges a regularised and constrained repetition of norms and as she becomes her camera (“her extraordinary relationship with her camera”) she subverts its masculine disembodied gaze, the camera’s power to produce normative, powerful bodies.2 As the viewer slips ‘in the frame’ of the photograph they take on a mental process of elision much as Sherman has done when making the images – deviating from the moral rules that are impressed from without3 by living and breathing through every fold, every fingernail, every sequin of their constructed being.

Dr Marcus Bunyan

 

1/ Boyne, Roy. “Citation and Subjectivity: Towards a Return of the Embodied Will,” in Featherstone, Mike (ed.,). Body Modification. London: Sage, 2000, p. 212

2/ “To the extent that the camera figures tacitly as an instrument of transubstantiation, it assumes the place of the phallus, as that which controls the field of signification. The camera thus trades on the masculine privilege of the disembodied gaze, the gaze that has the power to produce bodies, but which itself has no body.”
Butler, Judith. Bodies That Matter. New York: Routledge, 1993, p. 136

3/ “Universal human nature is not a very human thing. By acquiring it, the person becomes a kind of construct, built up not from inner psychic propensities but from moral rules that are impressed upon him from without.”
Goffman, Erving. Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behaviour. London: Allen Lane, The Penguin Press, 1972, pp. 44-45


Many thankx to Metro Pictures Gallery for allowing me to publish the photographs in the posting. Please click on the photographs for a larger version of the image.

     

     

    Rembrandt van Rijn (Dutch, 1606-1669) 'Self-portrait as the apostle Paul' (left) 1661 'Self-portrait as Zeuxis laughing' (right) 1662

     

    Rembrandt van Rijn (Dutch, 1606-1669)
    Self-portrait as the apostle Paul (left)
    1661
    Self-portrait as Zeuxis laughing (right)
    1662

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled #464' 2008 from the exhibition Review: 'Cindy Sherman' at Metro Pictures Gallery, New York, Nov - Dec, 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
    Untitled #464
    2008
    Chromogenic print
    214.3 x 152.4cm

     

     

    For her first exhibition of new work since 2004, Cindy Sherman will show a series of colour photographs that continues her investigation into distorted ideas of beauty, self-image and ageing. Typical of Sherman, these works are at once alarming and amusing, distasteful and poignant.

    Working as her own model for more than 30 years, Sherman has developed an extraordinary relationship with her camera. A remarkable performer, subtle distortions of her face and body are captured on camera and leave the artist unrecognisable to the audience. Her ability to drastically manipulate her age or weight, or coax the most delicate expressions from her face, is uncanny. Each image is overloaded with detail, every nuance caught by the artist’s eye. No prosthetic nose or breast, fake fingernail, sequin, wrinkle or bulge goes unnoticed by Sherman.

    Sherman shoots alone in her studio acting as author, director, actor, make-up artist, hairstylist and wardrobe mistress. Each character is shot in front of a “green screen” then digitally inserted onto backgrounds shot separately. Adding to the complexity, Sherman leaves details slightly askew at each point in the process, undermining the narrative and forcing the viewer to confront the staged aspect of the work.

    Press release at Metro Pictures Gallery

     

    Installation view of 'Cindy Sherman' exhibition at Metro Pictures Gallery, New York, 2008

     

    Installation view of Cindy Sherman exhibition at Metro Pictures Gallery, New York, 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled' 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
    Untitled
    2008
    Chromogenic print
    148.6 x 146.7cm

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled' 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
    Untitled
    2008
    Chromogenic print
    177.8 x 161.3cm

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled #468' 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
    Untitled #468
    2008
    Chromogenic colour print
    191.8 x 151.1cm

     

    The society portraits made in 2008 portray older women in opulent settings wearing expensive clothes, their faces stretched and enhanced unnaturally, showing signs of cosmetic surgery. These markers point to cultural standards of beauty and wealth, and here signal the failed aspiration to sustained youth. Printed large, presented in decorative and often gilded frames, and depicting figures in formal poses, these works are reminiscent of Sherman’s history portraits and classical portraiture in general. In this way, they remind the viewer that representation is not a new phenomenon, and the cultural implications in all images are tied to long and complex histories. In Untitled #468 the figure stands stoically with arms crossed and mouth slightly agape, wearing a fur, silk scarf, and white gloves, which the artist found at thrift shops. In the background, an ornate building mirrors the elaborate dress of the woman.

    The perspective of the building does not align with that of the figure, blatantly breaking the illusion of reality and recalling Sherman’s 1980 series of rear-screen projections. This clear and deliberate artificiality indicates that images, characters, and even our own selves are constructed, not fixed.

    Anonymous text. “Untitled #468,” on The Broad website Nd [Online] Cited 09/06/2022

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954) 'Untitled' 2008

     

    Cindy Sherman (American, b. 1954)
    Untitled
    2008
    Chromogenic print
    244.5 x 165.7cm

     

     

    Metro Pictures Gallery

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    Exhibition: ‘Odyssey: The Photographs of Linda Connor’ at Phoenix Art Museum

    Exhibition dates: 30th November, 2008 – 8th March, 2009

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944) 'Prayer Flag and Chortens, Ladakh, India 1988' 1988 from the exhibition 'Odyssey: The Photographs of Linda Connor' at Phoenix Art Museum, Nov 2008 - March 2009

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Prayer Flag and Chortens, Ladakh, India 1988
    1988
    Silver gelatin print

     

     

    Connor’s photographs reveal the essence of her subjects, yielding a sense of timelessness while visually evoking the intangible. She uses a distinctive technique. A large-format view camera allows her to achieve remarkable clarity and rich detail. Her prints are created by direct contact of the 8 x 10-inch negative on printing out paper, exposed and developed using sunlight …

    Connor embraces a wide range of subject matter, connecting the physical and the spiritual world. Just as sacred art evokes deep meaning even without an explicit understanding, Connor hopes her photographs serve a similar metaphorical function. Upon entering Chartres Cathedral, for example, one feels transported into another realm, regardless of religious beliefs. Connor’s images share this transformative nature as they transcend the boundaries of subject, culture, and time. She brings an equal amount of attention to a rock in the desert as she does when she photographs a temple.

    Text from the Phoenix Art Museum website


    Many thankx to the Phoenix Art Museum for allowing me to publish the photographs in the posting. Please click on the photographs for a larger version of the image.

     

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944) 'Windows and Thangkas, Ladakh' 1988 from the exhibition 'Odyssey: The Photographs of Linda Connor' at Phoenix Art Museum, Nov 2008 - March 2009

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Windows and Thangkas, Ladakh
    1988
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944) 'Library of Prayer Books, Ladakh, India' 1988

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Library of Prayer Books, Ladakh, India
    1988
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Linda Connor is an American photographer who photographs spiritual and exotic locations including India, Mexico, Thailand, Ireland, Peru, and Nepal. Her photographs appear in a number of books, including Spiral Journey, a catalog of her exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Photography in 1990 and Odyssey: Photographs by Linda Connor, published by Chronicle Books in 2008. Connor was awarded a National Endowment for the Arts grant in 1976 and 1988 and received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1979. Connor’s work is included in the collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, and the Victoria & Albert Museum in London.

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944) 'Portal Figures, Chartres Cathedral, France' 1989

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Portal Figures, Chartres Cathedral, France
    1989
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944) 'Mudra, Mindroling Monastery, Tibet' 1993

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Mudra, Mindroling Monastery, Tibet
    1993
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
'Blind Musician, Kashmir, India' 1985

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Blind Musician, Kashmir, India
    1985
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
'Apollo, Mt. Nemrut, Turkey' 1992

     

    Linda Connor (American, b. 1944)
    Apollo, Mt. Nemrut, Turkey
    1992
    Silver gelatin print

     

     

    Doris and John Norton Gallery for the Center for Creative Photography, Phoenix Art Museum
    1625 N Central Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA

    Opening hours:
    Wednesday 10am – 9pm
    Thursday – Sunday 10am – 5pm
    Closed Monday and Tuesday

    Center for Creative Photography, University of Arizona, Tucson
    27th March – 21st June 2009

    Phoenix Art Museum website

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    Exhibition: ‘Delacroix and Photography’ at Musée National Eugène Delacroix, Paris

    Exhibition dates: 28th November, 2008 – 2nd March, 2009

     

    Many thankx to the Musée national Eugène Delacroix for allowing me to publish the artwork in the posting. Please click on the photographs for a larger version of the image.

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863) 'Etude de jambes d'homme assis et étude d'une tête' Nd from the exhibition 'Delacroix and Photography' at Musée National Eugène Delacroix, Paris, Nov 2008 - March 2009

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863)
    Etude de jambes d’homme assis et étude d’une tête
    Nd
    Lead pencil
    20.3 x 15.2cm
    Museum of Fine Arts and Archeology of Besançon
    © Museum of Fine Arts and Archeology of Besançon

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Nu masculin assis de face, les jambes écartées' 1854 from the exhibition 'Delacroix and Photography' at Musée National Eugène Delacroix, Paris, Nov 2008 - March 2009

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Nu masculin assis de face, les jambes écartées
    1854
    Plate XV of the Durieu Album
    Salted paper from negative paper
    17.8 x 12.8cm
    BnF, Department of Prints and photography
    © BnF

     

    Jean Louis Marie Eugène Durieu (1800-1874) was an early French amateur nude photographer, primarily known for his early nude photographs of men and women. A number of his male and female models were also painted by Eugène Delacroix, with whom he was friends.

    Durieu was born in Nîmes, and became known for making studies of nudes for Delacroix. During his career Durieu was a lawyer. His last job was inspector for education and culture. In 1849 he went into early retirement and devoted himself to the newly developing technology of photography. In 1853, Durieu worked with Delacroix on a series of photographs of different male and female nude models.

    Text from the Wikipedia website

     

    In the early 1850s, Durieu, like many of his photographic peers, gravitated from the daguerreotype to the calotype. None of the works from his daguerreotypical oeuvre can be attributed to him with any certainty. Apart from the Delacroix album held at the Bibliothèque Nationale de Paris, another work on paper does exist, however, a more personal album preserved at the George Eastman House in Rochester, which was once part of the Gabriel Cromer collection. Its repertoire is more varied and includes female nudes in fairly elaborate settings, as well as portraits and reproductions of paintings and engravings. …

    In 1851, along with Delacroix, Durieu became one of the founder members of the Société Heliographique, the first French institution to be created specifically for photographers. Above all, its brief was to encourage the development of photography on paper and in particular the calotype as opposed to the daguerreotype.

    It was at precisely this time in the early 1850s that Delacroix’s interest in photography was at its height, coinciding with that of Durieu. In February 1850, he wrote in his journal: “ask Boissard for some daguerreotypes on paper,” and later, in September 1850: “Laurens tells me that Ziegler is producing a sizeable number of daguerreotypes, including portrayals of nude men. I intend to go and see him to ask if he can lend me a few.” In May 1853, he showed Pierret and his cousin Léon Riesener the prints given to him by Durieu. In November 1853, he discussed the topic of photography with Riesener, who in the 1840s had not only been a painter but an ‘author’ of daguerreotypes. Delacroix maintained that the term author was a misnomer for what he regarded as a mechanical recording process, a machine-led art: “He referred to the solemn account the good Durieu and his friend, who assists him in these operations, give of their time and trouble, whilst taking much of the credit for the success of the aforementioned operations, or more precisely their results.” He made fun of Riesener, who had asked them with great trepidation if he could use their pictures as models for his paintings without being accused of plagiarism. Finally, on two successive Sundays, 18 and 25 June 1854, he visited Durieu on the seventh floor of his home at 40 rue de Bourgogne to ask him to make a series of photographs of models under his guidance…

    Extract from Sylvie Aubenas. “Eugène Durieu, senior civil servant, photographer and forger,” in No 32 Printemps 2015 (translation Caroline Bouché) on the Etudes photographiques website [Online] Cited 04/10/2018

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Nude couple: female nude standing in the background, male nude sitting in profile on a leopard skin' 1854

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Nude couple: female nude standing in the background, male nude sitting in profile on a leopard skin
    1854
    Plate 3 of an album containing 32 studies of models
    Salted paper print
    16.2 x 11.5cm
    BnF coll., Paris
    © BnF

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Model of male nude sitting in profile on a leopard skin' 1854

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Model of male nude sitting in profile on a leopard skin
    1854
    Plate 11 of an album containing 32 studies of models
    Salted paper print
    17 x 13.5cm
    BnF coll., Paris
    © BnF

     

     

    “I look with passion and without fatigue at these photographs of naked men, this admirable poem, this human body on which I learn to read and whose sight tells me more than the inventions of scribblers.”


    Delacroix, ‘Journal’, October 5, 1855

     

     

    Delacroix was confronted, like his entire generation, with the emergence of photography. An intriguing tool fascinating for the painter, this medium occupies a place apart in all of his work. He is at the source of a deep reflection on artistic truth in the face of photographic realism.

    Far from seeing photography as a potential rival to painting, Delacroix took a keen interest in the development of this new medium, following its technical progress with sufficient curiosity to become a founding member of the Heliographic Society in 1851. He amassed a considerable photographic collection-of frescoes by Raphael, paintings by Rubens, and cathedral sculptures. Moreover, although he did not use a camera himself, a series of male and female nude models were photographed at his request by Eugène Durieu, in 1854. We know from his diary and letters that he sometimes used these photographs to practice drawing when no live models were available. These shots, which he sometimes carries with him, are a valuable tool for practicing drawing during his stays in the province. They meet very personal criteria; Delacroix wanted to use images voluntarily a little blurry and mostly stripped of all the quaint accessories conveyed by commercial photographs to the attention of artists.

    However, despite a deep fascination for photography, Delacroix keeps a critical eye on this new medium. He adopts an attitude sometimes skeptical about his proper use and mastery of the technique, refusing to award benefits beyond its instrumental value. His reluctance is particularly keen with regard to one’s own photographed image: he even goes so far as to demand the destruction of some negatives, fortunately in vain.

    Almost all the photographs and the drawings done from them (together with a number of paintings) have been assembled for the first time at the Musée Delacroix, with the generous support of the Bibliothèque Nationale de France and other collections. The exhibition also features a surprising series of photographic portraits of Delacroix himself, ranging from the precious intimate daguerreotypes of the 1840s to the more posed and strikingly dignified pictures taken by Carjat or Nadar toward the end of his life-many of which images the great man himself would rather have had destroyed.

    Press release from the Musée National Eugène Delacroix

     

    The Durieu Album

    The album of thirty-two photographs preserved in the department Prints and Photography of the National Library de France and commonly known as “Durieu Album”, by the name of the author of the photographs contains mainly photographs of two nude models, a man and a woman, taken by Eugene Durieu in the presence and on the indications of Delacroix during two sessions of successive poses, on Sunday 18 and 25 June 1854. The album was probably in lot 1532 of the sale after the painter’s death, bought by the critic Philippe Burty, who said on the front page: “All this sequence of photographs was bought by me at the posthumous sale of Eugène Delacroix’s workshop. He used it often and his cartons contained a considerable number of pencil studies from these photographs some of which were made expressly for him by one of his friends, and the models posed by him.” This album went on to the bibliographer and historian of the art Maurice Tourneux, who offered it in 1899 to the Cabinet des Prints.

    The examination of the album, whose pages are all presented here in the order of the pages, shows that divides into four distinct sequences. Plate I represents a seated male nude model. His black beard and its abundant hair absolutely distinguishes him from the model with the better drawn musculature having posed in the following photographs. This test is undoubtedly part of a different set provided by Durieu to Delacroix.

    The twenty-six photographs that follow in the album are, like the first, calotypes, that is to say prints from negative on paper. The calotype is characterised by a slight blur that Delacroix’s eyes found useful and tolerable photography, the grain of the negative paper producing, in the prints, less precise contours than in the daguerreotype or prints based on collodion glass. These twenty-six photographs of June 1854 form a very homogeneous series, with two models. The man that Delacroix calls “the Bohemian” appears by the development of his musculature and his ease to pose, as a professional model. He is present alone on seventeen views, and on the other nine in the company of a female model, probably an Italian, also a professional model, who posed again in 1855 for two other photographers.

    After this series, the album contains two studies (plates XXVIII and XXIX) of the same young woman, of which one served as the model for Odalisque of 1857 (private collection). The model is Miss Hamély, a small actress who appeared in tableaux vivants and pantomimes at the Porte-Saint-Martin theater (1853) but who also posed for photographers. The freedom that Delacroix takes in the painting in relation to the photography confirms that, he only uses it as a support for the imagination, unlike a painter like Gérôme for whom the cliche really replaces the model. So photography is amalgamated, among other ingredients, in a personal universe, not to mention the colours of the painting.

    The album ends with three prints, based on a glass negative, of the same model draped to the waist, sitting in front of a plain canvas background. The sharpness, due to the negative on glass, the rigorous composition and images, their “professional” aspect make them totally different from the previous ones, to such that we can hesitate to attribute them to Durieu. While the calotypes posed by Delacroix are very rare, these last three images are seen in more than one collection; they have been broadcast to a wider audience.

    Text from the Delacroix et la photographie exhibition pdf (translated from the French by Google translate)

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863) 'Two studies of naked men one standing, the other sitting' Nd

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863)
    Two studies of naked men one standing, the other sitting
    Nd
    Graphite
    Musée Eugène-Delacroix
    © RMN / Michèle Bellot

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Nu féminin assis sur un divan, la tête soutenue par un bras' 1854

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Nu féminin assis sur un divan, la 
    tête soutenue par un bras
    1854
    Plate XXIX of the Durieu Album
    Salted paper varnished from negative paper
    14 x 9.5cm
    BnF, Department of Prints and Photography
    © BnF

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863) 'Odalisque' 1857

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863)
    Odalisque
    1857
    Oil on wood
    39.5 x 31cm
    Private Collection

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Model Study' 1854

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Model Study
    1854
    Calotype
    BnF, Department of Prints and photography, Paris
    © BnF

     

    Louis Camille d'Olivier (French, 1827-1870) 'Female nude' 1855

     

    Louis Camille d’Olivier (French, 1827-1870)
    Female nude
    1855
    Salted paper print
    21 x 16cm
    BnF, Department of Prints and Photography
    © BnF

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863) 'Study of naked woman in profile on the left' Nd

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863)
    Study of naked woman in profile on the left
    Nd
    Lead pencil
    13.6 x 20.9cm
    Louvre Museum, Department of the Arts graphics
    © RMN Photo / Thierry Le Mage

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863) 'Three studies of men' Nd

     

    Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863)
    Three studies of men
    Nd
    Lead pencil
    19.2 x 25.3cm
    Museum of Fine Arts and Archeology from Besançon
    © Museum of Fine Arts and Archeology from Besançon

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Naked man standing, back, holding a vertical stick' Nd

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Naked man standing, back, holding a vertical stick
    Nd
    Albumine paper
    9.9 x 5.8cm
    Gérard Lévy Collection
    © 2008 Louvre Museum / Pierre Ballif

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874) 'Naked man sitting on a chair' Nd

     

    Eugène Durieu (French, 1800-1874)
    Naked man sitting on a chair
    Nd
    Albumen paper
    9.7 x 5.8cm
    Gérard Lévy Collection
    © 2008 Louvre Museum / Pierre Ballif

     

    Léon Riesener (French, 1808-1878) 'Portrait of Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)' 1842

     

    Léon Riesener (French, 1808-1878)
    Portrait of Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)
    1842
    Daguerreotype
    © Musée d’Orsay, Dist RMN / Patrice Schmidt

     

    Louis Antoine Léon Riesener (21 January 1808 in Paris – 25 May 1878 in Paris) was a French Romantic painter.

    Enchanted by the play of light and reflections which transformed the appearance of matter, Riesener began a new aesthetic that made him one of the precursors of impressionism. A passionate colourist, he researched all the nuances of colour and studied the techniques of ancient Greece and the Renaissance, including Titian, Veronese and Corregio. Impressed by his research into colour, he turned towards Rubens, which for him was the Shakespeare of painting. Very early in his career Riesener studied tonal divisions, well before the physician Chevreul discovered their scientific basis. His tactile taste led him to look for the most perfect expression of matter and particularly of skin. He put poetry into his painting by the play of shadow and he passionately admired nature, life and all the beauties they produced.

    He researched the subject of life in the countryside and, liking to paint reality, said he wanted to express “the heat of the day, the melancholy of the evening, meadows, flowers as they are in nature”. His study of the elements caused him to paint a series of skies which varied according to the light and time of day – the subjects were ahead of their time and Riesener had to fight hard against the Salon juries and the Institut. Using pure colours, he excluded the blacks and whites which had been used for shadows and light before him. His material science of colour was the opposition which gave birth to contrasts from juxtaposed pigments. He did not portray faces by contours, but by shadows and modelling.

    Relations with Delacroix

    After his father’s return from Russia in 1823 Léon got to know Eugène Delacroix better. Ten years older than Riesener, Delacroix was his first-cousin – they shared a grandmother, Marguerite-Françoise Vandercruse, whose daughter by her first marriage was Delacroix’s mother and whose second husband Jean-Henri Riesener was Riesener’s grandfather. Delacroix quickly recognised Riesener’s talent and originality and he supported his early career by recommending him to civil servants he knew. On trips to the countryside they met at Valmont, near Fécamp, the home of their cousin Bataille, owner of the abbaye from 1822 onwards. Riesener devotedly attended Pierret’s salon (Pierret was a school friend of Delacroix), where he met Mérimée, Viel-Castel, Sauvageot, Feuillet de Conches, Viollet-le-Duc, Lasus and Guillemardet. Later, Riesener became friends with Fantin-Latour, Ernest Chausson and the Morisots (the Morisot family was very friendly with the Riesener family, with Rosalie Riesener’s friend Berthe Morisot researching Léon’s opinions, listening to his advice and copying out about 135 pages of his writings) – his friends were artists and he preferred a quiet life rather than the high life favoured by Delacroix.

    From childhood, Riesener and Delacroix were friends and confidants. So different in life and character and so independent, they were preoccupied by the same artistic problems and enjoyed exchanging ideas, both having been formed by the 18th century and its neo-classical culture. They discussed their study of the classical world and they were both colourist painters searching for new techniques in tonal division. The difference in their temperaments expressed itself in their ways of looking at nature – Delacroix thought of drama, Riesener thought of sensuality. Delacroix bought Riesener’s painting Angélique as an exemplar for all painters and put it in his studio. On his death in 1863, Delacroix left Riesener his country house at Champrosay.

    Text from the Wikipedia website

     

    Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon) (French, 1820-1910) 'Eugène Delacroix seated three-quarter facing, his hand in the waistcoat' 1858

     

    Nadar (Gaspard-Félix Tournachon) (French, 1820-1910)
    Eugène Delacroix seated three-quarter facing, his hand in the waistcoat
    1858
    Salted paper
    24.5 x 18cm
    BnF, Department of Prints and Photography
    © BnF

     

     

    Musée National Eugène Delacroix
    6 rue de Furstenberg
    75 006 Paris
    Phone: +33 (0)1 44 41 86 50

    Opening hours:
    The museum is open daily except Tuesday, 9.30am – 5pm (tickets sold until 4.30pm)

    Musée national Eugène Delacroix website

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    Book: William Clift. ‘Certain Places’ 1987

    November 2008

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944) 'Somebody's House, Baltimore, Maryland, 1964'

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944)
    Somebody’s House, Baltimore, Maryland, 1964
    1964

    from the book

    Certain Places
    Photographs and Introduction by William Clift.
    William Clift Editions, Santa Fe, 1987. 44 pp., twenty-two tritone illustrations.

     

     

    One of the most ravishing photographic books ever produced. Sensitive photography, luminous images, wonderful reproductions on quality stock. Nothing more need be said. My favourite of so many great images is above.

    Dr Marcus Bunyan


    All photographs are used under fair use conditions for the purpose of education and research. Please click on the photographs for a larger version of the image.

     

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944) 'Apple Blossoms, Velarde, New Mexico, 1973'

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944)
    Apple Blossoms, Velarde, New Mexico, 1973
    1973

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944) 'Desert Form No. 1, New Mexico, 1984'

      

    William Clift (American, b. 1944)
    Desert Form No. 1, New Mexico, 1984
    1984

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944)
'Untitled' 1976 From the 'County Courthouse' series

     

    William Clift (American, b. 1944)
    Untitled
    1976
    From the County Courthouse series
    Gelatin silver print
    16.5 h x 13 w inches

     

     

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    Exhibition: ‘Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008’ at Ian Potter Centre: NGV Australia

    Exhibition dates: 7th August – 2nd November, 2008

     

    'Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008' exhibition sculpture and installation from the first space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition installation from the first space

     

    Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008 exhibition sculpture and installation from the first space

     

     

    A magical exhibition of the work of the Australian sculptor Robert Klippel (1920-2001) is presented together with a soundscape to accompany the works by his son Andrew Klippel. The exhibition presents two distinct rooms of light and shade and finishes with a singular monumental bronze work No. 709, but it is the two rooms that astound. They contain small assemblages and bronze sculpture made in the 1980s-1990s.

    In the first space lit glass cases hover in darkness, containing delicate constructions of found objects, beautifully crafted. Made of plastic and metal, some parts taken from modelling kits, the sculptures morph and weave a delicate narrative, a powerful artistic vision. Mostly totemic in nature they transport the viewer with wonder and delight, the artists vision fully realised: no unnecessary flourishes, no wasted energy on forms that are redundant.

    Wandering from the first darkened space we face a curved wall of black with a bright white opening, almost like the mouth of a Nautilus shell. Upon entering we are enveloped in white – walls, floor, stretched acrylic ceiling and stands upon which glass cases sit all being pure white. It is like stepping into the spacecraft from Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey – quite disorientating but transformational. In the cases sit small very dark bronze sculptures contrasting with the white. Again mostly totemic in nature the sculptures have great power and presence. Some portray small cities on top of hills. Others intricate machine and figure like constructions. All of the cases are mounted at different eye levels, unlike the first room.

    When looking across the gallery space, the boxes and sculpture within create a diorama, almost a tableaux vivant, where you can move the focus of your gaze from foreground to mid to background, all suspended in white. If you can be in this space alone with the work and wander around soaking in the vision of this artist so much the better. The contrast and parallels between the two rooms is striking – here is an artist at the height of his powers commanding his materials and his vision in two distinct bodies of work: one delicate, found, plastic the other solid, dark and essential, both dealing with the essence of human creativity and being, leaving the viewer with a sensory experience long remembered.

    Dr Marcus Bunyan


    All installation photographs © Marcus Bunyan

     

    'Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008' exhibition entrance to the second space

     

    Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008 exhibition entrance to the second space

     

     

    Robert Klippel is regarded as Australia’s most important sculptor of the post-war 20th century period. Known for his abstract assemblages created from found objects he is a distinguished figure in the history of Australian art. Andrew Klippel, Robert’s son, is a composer and musician who has achieved international recognition as a solo musician, songwriter and influential music producer.

    Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008 is a unique and compelling sensory experience which presents a group of Robert Klippel’s small-scale sculptures that were produced during the 1980s and 1990s – some of these have never been publicly displayed. It also includes the monumental bronze work No. 709. Andrew has arranged for this work, which Robert was preparing to cast at the time of his death, to be executed for the National Gallery of Victoria and included in the exhibition. And, in an important artistic response, Andrew Klippel has created a soundscape – a meditation on his father’s work.

    Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008 is an extraordinary and immersive exhibition that celebrates the creative process.

    Text from the National Gallery of Victoria website

     

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

    Robert Klippel 'Opus 2008' exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

     

    Klippel/Klippel: Opus 2008 exhibition bronze sculptures from the second space

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001) 'No. 879 (No. 1126)' 1995

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001)
    No. 879 (No. 1126)
    1995
    Metal, enamel paint
    9.5 x 13.3. x 4.2cm
    Private collection, Sydney
    © Andrew Klippel

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001) 'No. 881' c.1990 'No title (No. 1326)' c.1990 and works from the series 'No title (No. 1232)' 1980

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001)
    No. 881
    c.1990
    No title (No. 1326)
    c.1990
    and works from the series
    No title (No. 1232)
    1980
    Private collection, Sydney
    © Andrew Klippel

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001) 'No. 709' 1988

     

    Robert Klippel (Australian, 1920-2001)
    No. 709
    1988; 2008 {cast}
    Bronze
    318.9 x 94.8 x 100.2cm
    Artist’s proof
    National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne
    Purchased with the assistance of Andrew Klippel and the Estate of Patrick Byrne, 2008
    © Andrew Klippel

     

     

    The Ian Potter Centre: NGV Australia
    Federation Square
    Corner of Russell and 
Flinders Streets, Melbourne

    Opening hours:
    Daily 10am – 5pm

    National Gallery of Victoria website

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    Book: Edward S. Curtis: Visions of the First Americans (with Eugene Atget and Diane Arbus)

    November 2008

     

    Edward S Curtis (American, 1868-1952) 'Nuhlihahla-Qagyuhl' Nd

     

    Edward S Curtis (American, 1868-1952)
    Nuhlihahla-Qagyuhl
    Nd

     

     

    Following my thoughts on the series The First Australians on SBS we have this wonderful coffee table book of photographs: Edward S. Curtis: Visions of the First Americans with images taken from his seminal 20 volume work The North American Indian.

    Curtis worked on the project from 1906 to 1927 hauling his large format glass plate camera across the United States much as Eugene Atget did at roughly the same time in Paris, taking photographs of the old city and its hotels, shops, parks and gardens. Atget died in 1927 with his art recognised by few whilst Curtis lived on into the 1950’s, dying in obscurity and poverty after the fame of his ground breaking work had disappeared. Both photographed a vanishing world capturing it for prosperity on fragile glass plates. Both brought to their projects a unique vision and a belief in what they were doing.

    Atget’s photographs of people half seen through shop doors and windows, like shadows of the night. Curtis’s photographs of masked Yeibichei dancers wearing elaborate attire. Curtis thought he was photographing the dying races of the American Indians. Atget knew he was photographing the collapsing spaces of old Paris. Both use the space of the photograph to signify their intentions: an understanding of their subject matter, an empathy with a disappearing way of life, a need to record their vision of this world – and an intensity of insight into that condition.

    No other photograph has the space and timelessness of an Atget. No other image the presence of the plains that Curtis summoned.

    His masked dancers remind me of the last photographs of the great American photographer Diane Arbus in their candour and beauty, posthumously called Untitled. Finally Arbus has found a subject matter that she could return to over and over again. As did Atget and Curtis.

    As Doon Arbus has commented,

    “These images – created out of the courage to see things as they are, the grace to permit them simply to be, and a deceptive simplicity that permits itself neither fancy nor artifice … The photographs appear to be documents of a world we’ve never seen or imagined before – one with its own rituals and icons, its own games and fashions and codes of conduct – which, for all its strangeness, is at the same time hauntingly familiar and, in the end, no more or less unfathomable than our own.”1

    Dr Marcus Bunyan

     

    1/ Arbus, Doon. “Afterword,” in Diane Arbus: Untitled. London: Thames and Hudson, 1995.

    ~ Diane Arbus: Untitled
    ~ Edward S. Curtis: Visions of the First Americans
    ~ Some late Diane Arbus photographs from Google Images
    ~ Eugène Atget Wikipedia entry
    ~ Eugène Atget Google images

     

     

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    New work: Marcus Bunyan ‘The Shape of Dreams’ 2008

    November 2008

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'Cologne Cathedral 2-52' 2008 From the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    Cologne Cathedral 2-52
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'Untitled' 2008 From the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    Untitled
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

     

    A new body of work has formed in my mind and is physically taking shape through working with the images.

    I purchased two black and white photo albums from the 1950s on eBay, both belonging to young soldiers, one on active duty in Korea and the other visiting Japan and Germany after the Second World War. These images are especially poignant to me as an artist and human being. These are snapshots of hope and happiness, of place and being in a time of turbulence. Glimpses of the earth through open aircraft doors, smiles that flit across faces contrast with figures wrapped in a shawl of darkness.

    Their faces stare out at us across time yet their bodies are caught in the shadows.

    They remind that humans still repeat the mistakes of the past, still list the war dead in columns of photographs inches long. So young and full of hope.

    Marcus Bunyan

    SEE THE FULL SERIES ON MY WEBSITE

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'How dramatic!' 2008 From the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    How dramatic!
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'Spire of the Dome, 1-52' 2008 From the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    Spire of the Dome, 1-52
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'Untitled' 2008 from the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    Untitled
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) 'Untitled' 2008 from the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    Untitled
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958) "It's really nothing fellas!" 2008 from the series 'The Shape of Dreams'

     

    Marcus Bunyan (Australian, b. 1958)
    “It’s really nothing fellas!”
    2008
    From the series The Shape of Dreams
    Silver gelatin print

     

     

    Marcus Bunyan website

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